Geographical environment
Located at the western end of the Gulf of Naples, Ischia rises from the bottom of the sea for 1300m, of which only 789 m emerge on the surface. It has a surface area of 46.5 sq. Km, with 10 km east to west and 7 km north to south. The orographic shape of Ischia is a large base cone, around which arise isolate holes and mid-altitude planes. There are two completely independent orographic nuclei: the main massif of Monte Epomeo and the smaller one of Monte Vezzi. Mount Epomeo reaches the highest quaint in St. Nicholas (789 m), is enclosed to the north and west by a flat or hilly coastline.
To the east, a series of hills that reach the highest altitudes with Mount Trippodi (502 m) and Monte Toppo (427 m) are alongside the main nucleus next to the main nucleus. To the south the degraded soil is dug through deep groves. The rainwater erosion work has given rise to superficial slopes where the walls were more rapid and lined with thick woods, while it gave rise to quarries where the vegetation was less dense and the slope less accentuated (this is the case of south side of the island). The most evident phenomenon of erosions caused by rainwater consists of large size earth pyramids located above Cava Scura.
Geological composition
During the service, the island had to be connected to the continent when a number of eruptions covered it with a trachibasaltic lava bush. After a long period of inactivity, numerous amounts of incoherent trachytic rocks were formed that formed a remarkable thickness (this material, following chemical reactions, became a green tuff).
The fact that the island is emerging from the sea, as well as its mineral characteristics, is confirmed by the presence of sea clay overlapping with green tuff and fossils of molluscs and foraminifers. Secondary volcanic phenomena are fumaroles, thermal waters and brady.